\(\int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}} \, dx\) [979]

   Optimal result
   Rubi [A] (verified)
   Mathematica [C] (verified)
   Maple [A] (verified)
   Fricas [A] (verification not implemented)
   Sympy [F]
   Maxima [F]
   Giac [F]
   Mupad [F(-1)]

Optimal result

Integrand size = 21, antiderivative size = 408 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}} \, dx=-\frac {\sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}{a x}+\frac {\left (b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}\right ) \sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} E\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a \sqrt {c} \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}-\frac {\left (b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}\right ) \sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}\right ),\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a \sqrt {c} \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}} \]

[Out]

-(-c*x^4+b*x^2+a)^(1/2)/a/x+1/4*EllipticE(x*2^(1/2)*c^(1/2)/(b+(4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(1/2),((b+(4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))
/(b-(4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)))^(1/2))*(b-(4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*(1-2*c*x^2/(b-(4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)))^(1/2)*(b+(4*a*c+b^2)^(1
/2))^(1/2)*(1-2*c*x^2/(b+(4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)))^(1/2)/a*2^(1/2)/c^(1/2)/(-c*x^4+b*x^2+a)^(1/2)-1/4*EllipticF(x*2^
(1/2)*c^(1/2)/(b+(4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(1/2),((b+(4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/(b-(4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)))^(1/2))*(b-(4*a*c+b^2)^
(1/2))*(1-2*c*x^2/(b-(4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)))^(1/2)*(b+(4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(1/2)*(1-2*c*x^2/(b+(4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)))^(
1/2)/a*2^(1/2)/c^(1/2)/(-c*x^4+b*x^2+a)^(1/2)

Rubi [A] (verified)

Time = 0.26 (sec) , antiderivative size = 408, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 6, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.286, Rules used = {1137, 12, 1154, 507, 435, 430} \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}} \, dx=-\frac {\left (b-\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}\right ) \sqrt {\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}+b} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}+b}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}\right ),\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a \sqrt {c} \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}+\frac {\left (b-\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}\right ) \sqrt {\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}+b} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}+b}} E\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a \sqrt {c} \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}-\frac {\sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}{a x} \]

[In]

Int[1/(x^2*Sqrt[a + b*x^2 - c*x^4]),x]

[Out]

-(Sqrt[a + b*x^2 - c*x^4]/(a*x)) + ((b - Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c])*Sqrt[b + Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c]]*Sqrt[1 - (2*c*x^2)/(b
- Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c])]*Sqrt[1 - (2*c*x^2)/(b + Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c])]*EllipticE[ArcSin[(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt[b
+ Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c]]], (b + Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c])/(b - Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c])])/(2*Sqrt[2]*a*Sqrt[c]*Sqrt[a + b*x^2 -
 c*x^4]) - ((b - Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c])*Sqrt[b + Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c]]*Sqrt[1 - (2*c*x^2)/(b - Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c])]*Sq
rt[1 - (2*c*x^2)/(b + Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c])]*EllipticF[ArcSin[(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt[b + Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c]]], (
b + Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c])/(b - Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c])])/(2*Sqrt[2]*a*Sqrt[c]*Sqrt[a + b*x^2 - c*x^4])

Rule 12

Int[(a_)*(u_), x_Symbol] :> Dist[a, Int[u, x], x] /; FreeQ[a, x] &&  !MatchQ[u, (b_)*(v_) /; FreeQ[b, x]]

Rule 430

Int[1/(Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2]*Sqrt[(c_) + (d_.)*(x_)^2]), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(1/(Sqrt[a]*Sqrt[c]*Rt[-d/c, 2]
))*EllipticF[ArcSin[Rt[-d/c, 2]*x], b*(c/(a*d))], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] && NegQ[d/c] && GtQ[c, 0] && Gt
Q[a, 0] &&  !(NegQ[b/a] && SimplerSqrtQ[-b/a, -d/c])

Rule 435

Int[Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2]/Sqrt[(c_) + (d_.)*(x_)^2], x_Symbol] :> Simp[(Sqrt[a]/(Sqrt[c]*Rt[-d/c, 2]))*Ell
ipticE[ArcSin[Rt[-d/c, 2]*x], b*(c/(a*d))], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] && NegQ[d/c] && GtQ[c, 0] && GtQ[a, 0
]

Rule 507

Int[(x_)^(n_)/(Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_)]*Sqrt[(c_) + (d_.)*(x_)^(n_)]), x_Symbol] :> Dist[1/b, Int[Sqrt[a +
 b*x^n]/Sqrt[c + d*x^n], x], x] - Dist[a/b, Int[1/(Sqrt[a + b*x^n]*Sqrt[c + d*x^n]), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c,
 d}, x] && NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && (EqQ[n, 2] || EqQ[n, 4]) &&  !(EqQ[n, 2] && SimplerSqrtQ[-b/a, -d/c])

Rule 1137

Int[((d_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2 + (c_.)*(x_)^4)^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(d*x)^(m + 1)*((a + b*x^2 +
 c*x^4)^(p + 1)/(a*d*(m + 1))), x] - Dist[1/(a*d^2*(m + 1)), Int[(d*x)^(m + 2)*(b*(m + 2*p + 3) + c*(m + 4*p +
 5)*x^2)*(a + b*x^2 + c*x^4)^p, x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, p}, x] && NeQ[b^2 - 4*a*c, 0] && LtQ[m, -1] && In
tegerQ[2*p] && (IntegerQ[p] || IntegerQ[m])

Rule 1154

Int[(x_)^2/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2 + (c_.)*(x_)^4], x_Symbol] :> With[{q = Rt[b^2 - 4*a*c, 2]}, Dist[Sqrt[1 +
 2*c*(x^2/(b - q))]*(Sqrt[1 + 2*c*(x^2/(b + q))]/Sqrt[a + b*x^2 + c*x^4]), Int[x^2/(Sqrt[1 + 2*c*(x^2/(b - q))
]*Sqrt[1 + 2*c*(x^2/(b + q))]), x], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c}, x] && NeQ[b^2 - 4*a*c, 0] && NegQ[c/a]

Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = -\frac {\sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}{a x}-\frac {\int \frac {c x^2}{\sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}} \, dx}{a} \\ & = -\frac {\sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}{a x}-\frac {c \int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}} \, dx}{a} \\ & = -\frac {\sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}{a x}-\frac {\left (c \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}\right ) \int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}} \, dx}{a \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}} \\ & = -\frac {\sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}{a x}-\frac {\left (\left (b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}\right ) \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}} \, dx}{2 a \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}+\frac {\left (\left (b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}\right ) \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}\right ) \int \frac {\sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}} \, dx}{2 a \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}} \\ & = -\frac {\sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}{a x}+\frac {\left (b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}\right ) \sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} E\left (\sin ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a \sqrt {c} \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}-\frac {\left (b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}\right ) \sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} F\left (\sin ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a \sqrt {c} \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}} \\ \end{align*}

Mathematica [C] (verified)

Result contains complex when optimal does not.

Time = 10.29 (sec) , antiderivative size = 283, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.69 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}} \, dx=\frac {-\frac {4 a}{x}-4 b x+4 c x^3+\frac {i \left (-b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}\right ) \sqrt {2+\frac {4 c x^2}{-b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} \left (E\left (i \text {arcsinh}\left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt {-\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} x\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}\right )-\operatorname {EllipticF}\left (i \text {arcsinh}\left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt {-\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} x\right ),\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}\right )\right )}{\sqrt {-\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}}}{4 a \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}} \]

[In]

Integrate[1/(x^2*Sqrt[a + b*x^2 - c*x^4]),x]

[Out]

((-4*a)/x - 4*b*x + 4*c*x^3 + (I*(-b + Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c])*Sqrt[2 + (4*c*x^2)/(-b + Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c])]*Sqrt[1
- (2*c*x^2)/(b + Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c])]*(EllipticE[I*ArcSinh[Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[-(c/(b + Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c]))]*x], (b +
Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c])/(b - Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c])] - EllipticF[I*ArcSinh[Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[-(c/(b + Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c]))]*x
], (b + Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c])/(b - Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c])]))/Sqrt[-(c/(b + Sqrt[b^2 + 4*a*c]))])/(4*a*Sqrt[a + b*x^2
- c*x^4])

Maple [A] (verified)

Time = 0.68 (sec) , antiderivative size = 241, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.59

method result size
default \(-\frac {\sqrt {-c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{a x}+\frac {c \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \left (F\left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4-\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )-E\left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4-\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )\right )}{2 \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {-c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}\, \left (b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}\) \(241\)
risch \(-\frac {\sqrt {-c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{a x}+\frac {c \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \left (F\left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4-\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )-E\left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4-\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )\right )}{2 \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {-c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}\, \left (b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}\) \(241\)
elliptic \(-\frac {\sqrt {-c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{a x}+\frac {c \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \left (F\left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4-\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )-E\left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4-\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )\right )}{2 \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {-c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}\, \left (b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}\) \(241\)

[In]

int(1/x^2/(-c*x^4+b*x^2+a)^(1/2),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)

[Out]

-(-c*x^4+b*x^2+a)^(1/2)/a/x+1/2*c*2^(1/2)/((-b+(4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/a)^(1/2)*(4-2*(-b+(4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/a*x^2)^
(1/2)*(4+2*(b+(4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/a*x^2)^(1/2)/(-c*x^4+b*x^2+a)^(1/2)/(b+(4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*(EllipticF(1/2*x*2^
(1/2)*((-b+(4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/a)^(1/2),1/2*(-4-2*b*(b+(4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/a/c)^(1/2))-EllipticE(1/2*x*2^(1/2)*(
(-b+(4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/a)^(1/2),1/2*(-4-2*b*(b+(4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/a/c)^(1/2)))

Fricas [A] (verification not implemented)

none

Time = 0.09 (sec) , antiderivative size = 274, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.67 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}} \, dx=-\frac {\sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} {\left (a^{\frac {3}{2}} x \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} + 4 \, a c}{a^{2}}} - \sqrt {a} b x\right )} \sqrt {\frac {a \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} + 4 \, a c}{a^{2}}} - b}{a}} E(\arcsin \left (\sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} x \sqrt {\frac {a \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} + 4 \, a c}{a^{2}}} - b}{a}}\right )\,|\,-\frac {a b \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} + 4 \, a c}{a^{2}}} + b^{2} + 2 \, a c}{2 \, a c}) - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} {\left (a^{\frac {3}{2}} x \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} + 4 \, a c}{a^{2}}} - \sqrt {a} b x\right )} \sqrt {\frac {a \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} + 4 \, a c}{a^{2}}} - b}{a}} F(\arcsin \left (\sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} x \sqrt {\frac {a \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} + 4 \, a c}{a^{2}}} - b}{a}}\right )\,|\,-\frac {a b \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} + 4 \, a c}{a^{2}}} + b^{2} + 2 \, a c}{2 \, a c}) + 2 \, \sqrt {-c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a} a}{2 \, a^{2} x} \]

[In]

integrate(1/x^2/(-c*x^4+b*x^2+a)^(1/2),x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

-1/2*(sqrt(1/2)*(a^(3/2)*x*sqrt((b^2 + 4*a*c)/a^2) - sqrt(a)*b*x)*sqrt((a*sqrt((b^2 + 4*a*c)/a^2) - b)/a)*elli
ptic_e(arcsin(sqrt(1/2)*x*sqrt((a*sqrt((b^2 + 4*a*c)/a^2) - b)/a)), -1/2*(a*b*sqrt((b^2 + 4*a*c)/a^2) + b^2 +
2*a*c)/(a*c)) - sqrt(1/2)*(a^(3/2)*x*sqrt((b^2 + 4*a*c)/a^2) - sqrt(a)*b*x)*sqrt((a*sqrt((b^2 + 4*a*c)/a^2) -
b)/a)*elliptic_f(arcsin(sqrt(1/2)*x*sqrt((a*sqrt((b^2 + 4*a*c)/a^2) - b)/a)), -1/2*(a*b*sqrt((b^2 + 4*a*c)/a^2
) + b^2 + 2*a*c)/(a*c)) + 2*sqrt(-c*x^4 + b*x^2 + a)*a)/(a^2*x)

Sympy [F]

\[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{x^{2} \sqrt {a + b x^{2} - c x^{4}}}\, dx \]

[In]

integrate(1/x**2/(-c*x**4+b*x**2+a)**(1/2),x)

[Out]

Integral(1/(x**2*sqrt(a + b*x**2 - c*x**4)), x)

Maxima [F]

\[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}} \, dx=\int { \frac {1}{\sqrt {-c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a} x^{2}} \,d x } \]

[In]

integrate(1/x^2/(-c*x^4+b*x^2+a)^(1/2),x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

integrate(1/(sqrt(-c*x^4 + b*x^2 + a)*x^2), x)

Giac [F]

\[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}} \, dx=\int { \frac {1}{\sqrt {-c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a} x^{2}} \,d x } \]

[In]

integrate(1/x^2/(-c*x^4+b*x^2+a)^(1/2),x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

integrate(1/(sqrt(-c*x^4 + b*x^2 + a)*x^2), x)

Mupad [F(-1)]

Timed out. \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{x^2\,\sqrt {-c\,x^4+b\,x^2+a}} \,d x \]

[In]

int(1/(x^2*(a + b*x^2 - c*x^4)^(1/2)),x)

[Out]

int(1/(x^2*(a + b*x^2 - c*x^4)^(1/2)), x)